A case report of the 2022 foot and mouth disease outbreaks in a sample of Indonesian feedlots.

Abstract

In 2022, Indonesia experienced its first foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak in over three decades, posing a considerable challenge to its beef feedlot industry and food security in the world's fourth most populous nation. This study aimed to report the strategies employed to manage the disease in a naïve population of high-performing cattle. Seven feedlots, located in the major beef-producing regions of Lampung and West Java, participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key feedlot personnel to gather data on their experiences during the outbreak. The industry demonstrated effective outbreak management through prompt implementation of control measures, such as vaccination and disinfection of incoming vehicles, and context-appropriate decision-making, such as salvage slaughter of severely impacted cattle. This study provides valuable insights for other FMD affected and free countries with feedlot industries, emphasizing the importance of preparedness and proactive management strategies in mitigating the impact of potential outbreaks. The findings also underscore the need for ongoing research and collaboration to strengthen FMD prevention and control efforts in the region, and to ensure responses are proportional to the risk and do not inadvertently create economically damaging outcomes.