A protocol for measuring phenotypical facial disease markers in a mouse model of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome.

Abstract

Cushing's syndrome is caused by chronic exposure to excessive levels of glucocorticoids. It is characterized by significant phenotypic alterations including increased visceral adiposity and fat deposits on the cheeks, leading to a characteristic 'moon face' appearance. Although glucocorticoid therapy is widespread, its associated side effects are of significant clinical concern. Early diagnosis and treatment of Cushing's syndrome can reduce its morbidity and mortality. The use of mouse models is crucial for the discovery and exploration of treatment options against Cushing's syndrome. This article describes a methodology to assess phenotypic determinants of Cushing's syndrome in mice through the combined measurement of the elevated surface area of the animal, which is a proxy of weight gain, together with the increased angle from the nasal tip to the cheeks, which is a proxy of the 'moon face'.