Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
A retrospective study of canine and feline cutaneous vasculitis.
- Journal:
- Veterinary dermatology
- Year:
- 2001
- Authors:
- Nichols, P R et al.
- Affiliation:
- Animal Allergy and Dermatology Center of Central Texas · United States
Plain-English summary
This study looked at 21 cases of skin inflammation caused by blood vessel issues in dogs and cats. The researchers found that more than half of these cases had no known cause, while some were linked to the rabies vaccine, allergies to beef, a type of cancer called lymphosarcoma, or certain oral medications. Dogs with skin issues from the rabies vaccine showed a specific pattern in their tissue samples and responded well to treatments that included prednisone (a steroid) and pentoxifylline. In contrast, most cases with different tissue patterns did not respond to pentoxifylline but did improve with other medications like sulfonamides or prednisone. Overall, the treatment worked well for some types of vasculitis but not for others.
Abstract
Twenty-one cases of cutaneous vasculitis in small animals (dogs and cats) were reviewed, and cases were divided by clinical signs into five groups. An attempt was made to correlate clinical types of vasculitis with histological inflammatory patterns, response to therapeutic drugs and prognosis. Greater than 50% of the cases were idiopathic, whereas five were induced by rabies vaccine, two were associated with hypersensitivity to beef, one was associated with lymphosarcoma and two were associated with the administration of oral drugs (ivermectin and itraconazole). Only the cases of rabies vaccine-induced vasculitis in dogs had a consistent histological inflammatory pattern (mononuclear/nonleukocytoclastic) and were responsive to combination therapy with prednisone and pentoxifylline, or to prednisone alone. Most cases with neutrophilic or neutrophilic/eosinophilic inflammatory patterns histologically did not respond to pentoxifylline, but responded to sulfone/sulfonamide drugs, prednisone, or a combination of the two.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11906650/