Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
A Review of Central Venous Pressure and Its Reliability as a Hemodynamic Monitoring Tool in Veterinary Medicine.
- Journal:
- Topics in companion animal medicine
- Year:
- 2016
- Authors:
- Hutchinson, Kristen M & Shaw, Scott P
- Affiliation:
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care · United States
Plain-English summary
This review looks at how central venous pressure (CVP) is used in veterinary medicine to monitor the blood volume status of pets. CVP can be helpful for pets that are very sick, such as those with low blood volume, infections, heart issues, or kidney problems, as well as for animals undergoing major surgeries. While CVP is easy to use and can provide important information, there are debates about how accurately it reflects a pet's true blood volume. The authors suggest that while CVP will likely remain important for monitoring critically ill pets, other methods that measure blood flow might be better when available. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for careful consideration of CVP's role in veterinary care.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature regarding central venous pressure (CVP) in veterinary patients pertaining to placement (of central line), measurement, interpretation, use in veterinary medicine, limitations, and controversies in human medicine. ETIOLOGY: CVP use in human medicine is a widely debated topic, as numerous sources have shown poor correlation of CVP measurements to the volume status of a patient. Owing to the ease of placement and monitoring in veterinary medicine, CVP remains a widely used modality for evaluating the hemodynamic status of a patient. A thorough evaluation of the veterinary and human literature should be performed to evaluate the role of CVP measurements in assessing volume status in veterinary patients. DIAGNOSIS: Veterinary patients that benefit from accurate CVP readings include those suffering from hypovolemic or septic shock, heart disease, or renal disease or all of these. Other patients that may benefit from CVP monitoring include high-risk anesthetic patients undergoing major surgery, trending of fluid volume status in critically ill patients, patients with continued shock, and patients that require rapid or large amounts of fluids. THERAPY: The goal of CVP use is to better understand a patient's intravascular volume status, which would allow early goal-directed therapy. PROGNOSIS: CVP would most likely continue to play an important role in the hemodynamic monitoring of the critically ill veterinary patient; however, when available, cardiac output methods should be considered the first choice for hemodynamic monitoring.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27968811/