Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Acute on chronic kidney disease in cats signs and outcomes
By Chen, Hilla et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2020·Veterinary Teaching Hospital·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Acute on chronic kidney disease in cats: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of 100 cats with acute on chronic kidney disease (ACKD) showed symptoms like not eating (anorexia), being unusually tired (lethargy), losing weight, and vomiting. Many of these cats needed to be hospitalized, with those who survived staying longer than those who did not. About 58% of the cats were able to go home after treatment, but their long-term outlook remained uncertain. Factors like high levels of phosphorus in the blood were linked to better short-term outcomes, while serum creatinine levels at the time of treatment were important for long-term survival.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute decompensation of CKD (ACKD) are common in cats. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, and the short- and long-term prognosis of feline ACKD. ANIMALS: One hundred cats with ACKD. METHODS: Retrospective study, search of medical records for cats with ACKD. RESULTS: Common clinical signs included anorexia (85%), lethargy (60%), weight loss (39%), and vomiting (27%). Suspected etiologies included ureteral obstruction (11%), renal ischemia (9%), pyelonephritis (8%), others (6%), or unknown (66%). Hospitalization duration was longer in survivors versus nonsurvivors (median = 7 days, range = 2-26 versus median = 3 days, range = 2-20, respectively, P < .001). The survival rate to discharge was 58%. Age, serum creatinine, urea, and phosphorous concentrations were higher and venous blood pH was lower in nonsurvivors. However, only serum phosphorus remained associated with the short-term outcome in the multivariable model (P = .02; 95% confidence interval = 1.03-1.39). Survivors had a median survival time of 66 days after discharge. Serum creatinine concentrations at presentation as well as at discharge were associated with long-term survival (P < .002 for both). CONCLUSIONS: The short-term prognosis of ACKD is comparable to acute kidney injury, while the long-term prognosis is guarded.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32445217/