Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How anesthesiologists agree on pain scores for dogs after surgery
By Hofmeister, Erik H et al.Ā·Published in Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesiaĀ·2018Ā·Department of Surgery, United StatesĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Agreement among anesthesiologists regarding postoperative pain assessment in dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of veterinarians assessed pain in 31 dogs after surgery using three different pain scales. They found that the visual analogue scale (VAS) and numeric rating scale (NRS) were very reliable for measuring pain, while the Glasgow pain scale (GPS) could use some improvements. Important signs of pain included the dog's posture, appearance, vocalization, and how they interacted with people. The study suggests that the VAS and NRS are better choices for evaluating pain in dogs, especially in research settings.
People also search for: dog postoperative pain assessment Ā· how to tell if my dog is in pain Ā· pain scales for dogs after surgery
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To establish evidence for the validity and reliability of three commonly used pain scales in dogs when assessed by video by specialists in anesthesia. STUDY DESIGN: Mixed-method test-retest observational study. SUBJECTS: A group of six American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia board-certified specialists and 31 postoperative dogs. METHODS: The evaluators scored 31 dogs using a visual analogue scale (VAS), numeric rating scale (NRS), and Glasgow pain scale (GPS). The evaluators individually scored the dogs using all three scales together and subsequently, at 3 month intervals, using each of the scales apart. Then, all evaluators in one room reviewed 23 of the videos. A camera was positioned for video and audio recording of discussion about the videos. Intra- and interobserver reliability was determined using a two-way random model intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Linear regression indicated a strong correlation among all scales when assigned together (VAS versus NRS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.93; VAS versus GPS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.59; and NRS versus GPS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.61) and apart (VAS versus NRS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.68; VAS versus GPS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.40; and NRS versus GPS, p < 0.0001, R = 0.47). Posture, appearance, vocalization, stiffness, interaction between the animal and a person and response to palpation were identified as important variables for assessing pain. Intra-observer reliability produced average ICC values of 0.90 for VAS, 0.89 for NRS and 0.85 for GPS. Interobserver reliability produced average ICC values when scores were assigned together (VAS: 0.93, NRS: 0.93 and GPS: 0.93) and when done separately (VAS: 0.91, NRS: 0.93 and GPS: 0.95). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The preferred use of the VAS and NRS over the use of the GPS should be cautiously considered for research applications when experts are observers. Revisions of the GPS to clarify descriptors and remove or modify items that may not be associated with pain in dogs should be considered.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30078533/