Ameliorative effects of Chlorophytum borivilianum on atopic dermatitis via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers and GC-MS-based metabolite profiling.

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritus, xerosis, and immune dysregulation. Current therapies are often associated with adverse effects and limited long-term compliance. Chlorophytum borivilianum possesses documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties [1]. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of C. borivilianum root extract (CPEx) and dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced Swiss albino mouse model GC-MS analysis identified critical bioactive metabolites, including (6)-shogaol, piperine, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Topical administration of 4% CPEx and 4% DCMF significantly improved clinical dermatitis scores and reduced epidermal hyperplasia. These improvements were accompanied by significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions (IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, TNF-α). Furthermore, treatment significantly reduced serum IgE levels and restored redox balance by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels.Histopathological evaluation confirmed the restoration of skin barrier integrity and the reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration. Our results suggest that C. borivilianum exerts potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through the modulation of the Th2 axis and Nrf2-mediated pathways, establishing its potential as a safe and effective natural candidate for the management of atopic dermatitis.