Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
An atypical presentation of leiomyosarcoma causing extremity compartment syndrome of the crural region in a Dutch Warmblood mare: a case report.
- Journal:
- Journal of veterinary science
- Year:
- 2020
- Authors:
- Giacchi, Andrea et al.
- Affiliation:
- Pool House Equine Clinic · United Kingdom
- Species:
- horse
Plain-English summary
A 12-year-old Dutch Warmblood mare suddenly started limping on her left hind leg, and her entire leg became swollen. The vet suspected she had a serious condition called extremity compartment syndrome, which can happen when pressure builds up in a limb. As her condition worsened, the vet performed emergency surgery to relieve the pressure and took a tissue sample for testing. The tests revealed that she had a type of cancer called leiomyosarcoma, which likely started in a vein in her leg. This case is unique because it combines both the compartment syndrome and the vein inflammation caused by the cancer.
Abstract
A 12-year-old Warmblood mare was presented with an acute onset left hindlimb lameness associated with generalised soft tissue swelling of the entire limb and medial saphenous vein (MSV) thrombophlebitis. A presumptive diagnosis of extremity compartment syndrome (ECS) was made. Due to the clinical deterioration, emergency fasciotomy of the crural fascia and biopsy was performed. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the samples confirmed a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma likely originating from the tunica media of the MSV. This report is the first to describe an unique combination of ECS and thrombophlebitis associated with a leiomyosarcoma in a horse.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31940682/