Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dogs with angiostrongylosis and negative fecal and rapid blood tests
By Canonne, A Morgane et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2018·Department of Clinical Sciences·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Angiostrongylosis in dogs with negative fecal and in-clinic rapid serological tests: 7 Cases (2013-2017).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of seven dogs in Belgium were coughing and having trouble breathing for 2 to 8 weeks due to a parasitic infection called angiostrongylosis. Despite negative results from common tests, more advanced tests like antibody detection and a specific PCR test on lung fluid were able to confirm the diagnosis in all cases. The initial tests, including a rapid assay and fecal analysis, were not reliable enough to detect the infection. The dogs received appropriate treatment after the correct diagnosis was made, leading to better health outcomes.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Angiostrongylosis is considered as emerging disease in dogs in Belgium. Detection of first-stage larvae in feces using the Baermann method has an imperfect sensitivity. OBJECTIVES: Investigation of efficacy of noninvasive blood and fecal diagnostic tests in comparison with PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) material in a small series of coughing or dyspnoeic dogs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum. ANIMALS: Seven dogs with angiostrongylosis. METHODS: Retrospective study. Dogs with cough, exercise intolerance and dyspnea of 2- to 8-week duration. Diagnostic methods used included Baermann analysis, AngioDetect rapid assay, ELISAs for detection of circulating antigen and specific antibodies and qPCR on BAL material. RESULTS: Baermann analysis, AngioDetect rapid assay, antigen ELISA, antibody ELISA, and qPCR on BAL material were positive in 3/7, 2/7, 3/6, 6/6, and 7/7 dogs, respectively. ELISA for antibodies or qPCR on BAL material were essential for definitive diagnosis in 3 dogs. Relative sensitivities of AngioDetect rapid assay, Baermann analysis, and ELISA for antigen detection were lower than 50% compared with ELISA for antibodies or qPCR on BAL material. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: In this small clinical series, Baermann analysis and AngioDetect rapid assay failed to confirm the diagnosis in some dogs. Therefore, ELISA for antibody detection and qPCR on BAL material should strongly be considered in clinically suspected dogs when antigen detection methods (AngioDetect or ELISA) and Baermann analysis are negative.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29601653/