Anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects of BMZD-2CPE in a CFA and carrageenan-induced animal model.

Abstract

The goal of the study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of benzimidazole derivative-2-((1H-benzo[d] imidazole-2-yl)thio)-1-(3-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl) ethanone (BMZD-2CPE) in CFA-induced arthritic rat model. The doses of the BMZD-2CPE (benzimidazole derivative) used were 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with BMZD-2CPE and piroxicam was started on the 7th day of arthritic induction and continued for 20 days. All animals were sacrificed on the 27th day. A digital water plethysmometer was used to measure paw edema. An arthritic scoring index was used to determine the presence of arthritis. Biochemical parameters and blood analysis were determined. q-PCR was used to assess the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. PGE2 levels were determined using ELISA. The anti-inflammatory properties of BMZD-2CPE were evaluated using an acute inflammatory carrageenan-induced paw edema model. BMZD-2CPE reduced paw edema and slowed the progression of arthritic disease. After receiving BMZD-2CPE treatment, all histopathological parameters were seen to be considerably decreased. mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 were markedly decreased in treatment groups. BMZD-2CPE also downregulated PGE2 levels in treatment groups. All results were comparable to piroxicam. Hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) levels were restored in the treated groups. Furthermore, the levels of white blood cells and platelets in the treated groups were significantly reduced. Creatinine, urea, alanine transaminase, and aspartate aminotransferase levels were found to be non-significantly different indicating safety of the compound. BMZD-2CPE in various doses (more potentially in higher dose) showed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.