Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Cat antibody response after first and yearly FIV vaccination
By Westman, Mark et al.·Published in Viruses·2021·Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Australia·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Antibody Responses in Cats Following Primary and Annual Vaccination against Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) with an Inactivated Whole-Virus Vaccine (Fel-O-VaxFIV).
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of cats received a vaccine against Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) to see how their bodies responded. The study found that cats who got the vaccine for the first time developed stronger antibody responses compared to those who received their annual booster shot. All cats tested negative for FIV, but the results showed that some testing kits worked better than others in distinguishing between vaccinated cats and those that might be infected. This information can help veterinarians choose the right tests for cats that have been vaccinated against FIV.
People also search for: cat FIV vaccination response · FIV vaccine effectiveness in cats · best tests for FIV in vaccinated cats
Abstract
Although the antibody response induced by primary vaccination with Fel-O-VaxFIV (three doses, 2-4 weeks apart) is well described, the antibody response induced by annual vaccination with Fel-O-VaxFIV (single dose every 12 months after primary vaccination) and how it compares to the primary antibody response has not been studied. Residual blood samples from a primary FIV vaccination study (= 11), and blood samples from cats given an annual FIV vaccination (= 10), were utilized. Samples from all 21 cats were tested with a commercially available PCR assay (FIV RealPCR), an anti-p24 microsphere immunoassay (MIA), an anti-FIV transmembrane (TM; gp40) peptide ELISA, and a range of commercially available point-of-care (PoC) FIV antibody kits. PCR testing confirmed all 21 cats to be FIV-uninfected for the duration of this study. Results from MIA and ELISA testing showed that both vaccination regimes induced significant antibody responses against p24 and gp40, and both anti-p24 and anti-gp40 antibodies were variably present 12 months after FIV vaccination. The magnitude of the antibody response against both p24 and gp40 was significantly higher in the primary FIV vaccination group than in the annual FIV vaccination group. The differences in prime versus recall post-vaccinal antibody levels correlated with FIV PoC kit performance. Two FIV PoC kits that detect antibodies against gp40, namely Witnessand Anigen Rapid, showed 100% specificity in cats recently administered an annual FIV vaccination, demonstrating that they can be used to accurately distinguish vaccination and infection in annually vaccinated cats. A third FIV PoC kit, SNAPCombo, had 0% specificity in annually FIV-vaccinated cats, and should not be used in any cat with a possible history of FIV vaccination. This study outlines the antibody response to inactivated Fel-O-VaxFIV whole-virus vaccine, and demonstrates how best to diagnose FIV infection in jurisdictions where FIV vaccination is practiced.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33809232/