Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Antibiotic resistance in cat urinary infections 2013-2020
By Koontz, Caitlan W et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2023·William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from urinary isolates obtained from cats (2013-2020).
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A study looked at urinary tract infections in cats and found that Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria causing these infections. Out of 363 urine samples, many cats had recurrent infections, which were linked to higher resistance to common antibiotics like amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. This means that some treatments may not work as well for these cats. The findings suggest that it's important for veterinarians to perform urine cultures and sensitivity tests to choose the right antibiotic for cats with urinary issues, especially those with recurring infections.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bacterial urinary tract infections have been associated with comorbidities and increased antimicrobial resistance over time. OBJECTIVE: To identify bacterial species, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance. ANIMALS: Three hundred sixty-three positive urine cultures from 308 cats. METHODS: Bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility data from positive aerobic bacterial urine cultures from cats with growth of ≥10colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml) were included. Medical records were reviewed, and bacteriuria was classified as sporadic bacterial cystitis, recurrent bacterial cystitis or subclinical bacteriuria (SBU). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate antimicrobial resistance risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 444 bacterial isolates from 363 bacteriuric episodes were identified. Escherichia coli (52%) and SBU (59%) were the most common organism and classification, respectively. When compared to other classifications of bacteriuria, Enterococcus spp. were more likely to be isolated from SBU episodes (P < .001), whereas E. coli was more likely to be isolated from sporadic bacterial cystitis episodes (P < .001). Recurrent bacterial cystitis was associated with an increased risk of antimicrobial resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (odds ratio [OR], 3.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-11.3). The percent susceptibilities of all bacterial isolates to commonly prescribed antimicrobials were amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (72%), cefazolin (49%), enrofloxacin (61%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (75%). Multidrug resistance was highest for Enterococcus faecium isolates (65%). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: No antimicrobial achieved >90% susceptible designation to all bacteria isolated highlighting the importance of performing urine culture and susceptibility testing, particularly for cats with recurrent bacterial cystitis.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37073957/