Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Assessment of Canine Mast Cell Tumor Mortality Risk Based on Clinical, Histologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features.
- Journal:
- Veterinary pathology
- Year:
- 2018
- Authors:
- Horta, Rodrigo S et al.
- Affiliation:
- 1 Universidade Vila Velha · Brazil
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Mast cell tumors (MCT) are a common type of skin cancer in dogs, and they can behave very differently from one dog to another, making it hard to predict how serious they might be. This study looked at 149 dogs diagnosed with MCT to find out which factors could help predict the risk of death from this cancer. They found that the stage of the cancer, whether the tumor had come back before, and certain laboratory findings were important in determining how long a dog might survive. The researchers suggest changes to the way we classify the severity of these tumors to better assess risk and guide treatment. Overall, the study highlights the need for careful evaluation of dogs with MCT to improve outcomes.
Abstract
Mast cell tumor (MCT) is a frequent cutaneous neoplasm in dogs that is heterogeneous in clinical presentation and biological behavior, with a variable potential for recurrence and metastasis. Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes has been challenging. The study objective was to develop a system for classification of canine MCT according to the mortality risk based on individual assessment of clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features. The study included 149 dogs with a histologic diagnosis of cutaneous or subcutaneous MCT. By univariate analysis, MCT metastasis and related death was significantly associated with clinical stage ( P < .0001, r= -0.610), history of tumor recurrence ( P < .0001, r= -0.550), Patnaik ( P < .0001, r= -0.380) and Kiupel grades ( P < .0001, r= -0.500), predominant organization of neoplastic cells ( P < .0001, r= -0.452), mitotic count ( P < .0001, r= -0.325), Ki-67 labeling index ( P < .0001, r= -0.414), KITr pattern ( P = .02, r= 0.207), and c-KIT mutational status ( P < .0001, r= -0.356). By multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model, only 2 features were independent predictors of overall survival: an amendment of the World Health Organization clinical staging system (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 1.824 [1.210-4.481]; P = .01) and a history of tumor recurrence (hazard ratio [95% CI]: 9.250 [2.158-23.268]; P < .001]. From these results, we propose an amendment of the WHO staging system, a method of risk analysis, and a suggested approach to clinical and laboratory evaluation of dogs with cutaneous MCT.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29338615/