Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
When to give red blood cell transfusions to anemic dogs without blood
By Kisielewicz, C et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2014·Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, United Kingdom·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Assessment of clinical and laboratory variables as a guide to packed red blood cell transfusion of euvolemic anemic dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 24 anemic dogs received packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions to help improve their health. Before the transfusions, many showed signs of anemia, such as pale gums and low energy, with blood tests revealing low hemoglobin levels and oxygen content. After the transfusions, the dogs showed significant improvement in their clinical signs and blood values, indicating that the transfusions were beneficial. This study suggests that monitoring specific clinical signs and blood test results can help veterinarians decide when a transfusion is necessary for anemic dogs.
People also search for: dog anemia treatment · packed red blood cell transfusion for dogs · signs of anemia in dogs
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are no standardized guidelines for determining the likelihood that euvolemic anemic dogs will benefit from transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBC). OBJECTIVES: To report clinical and laboratory variables of dogs receiving pRBC transfusion, which could guide transfusion of other anemic dogs. ANIMALS: Twenty-four client-owned anemic dogs receiving pRBC transfusion. METHODS: Prospective study; 30 transfusions assessed. Clinical findings (mucosal color, pulse quality, heart rate, respiratory rate, mentation/exercise tolerance) before and after transfusion were evaluated by the anemic dog clinical assessment score (ADCAS). Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, venous oxygen content (CvO2 ), and lactate concentration were measured from blood samples taken before and after transfusion. These results were not used for case management. RESULTS: All ADCAS variables decreased significantly with transfusion (P < .001); the total score was ≥5/12 before transfusion, and ≤3/12 in all cases that were deemed to no longer require transfusion. Hematocrit and CvO2 were <17% and <5 mL/dL, respectively, in 83% of cases before transfusion and hemoglobin concentration was <5.8 g/dL in 80%. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and CvO2 increased significantly with transfusion (P < .001); lactate concentration decreased significantly (P = .006). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Clinical and laboratory variables improved significantly after transfusion of pRBC. By identifying how transfusion affected these variables, it was possible to recognize clinical (ADCAS) and laboratory (hemoglobin, CvO2 , lactate) variables, which could be useful in guiding the decision to transfuse dogs with similar presentations.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24417587/