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Peer-reviewed veterinary case report

Baloxavir improves disease outcomes in mice after intranasal or ocular infection with Influenza A virus H5N1-contaminated cow's milk.

Journal:
Nature microbiology
Year:
2025
Authors:
Jones, Jeremy C et al.
Affiliation:
Department of Host-Microbe Interactions · United States
Species:
rodent

Abstract

Testing approved antivirals against A(H5N1) influenza viruses circulating in peridomestic species, including dairy cows, is critical to public health and pre-pandemic planning. It cannot be tested in humans due to A(H5N1) disease severity. Here, in mice, we demonstrate that US FDA-approved baloxavir treatment mediates improved disease outcomes (survival and viral dissemination) over oseltamivir after lethal intranasal and ocular challenge with A(H5N1)-contaminated cow milk.

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Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40097765/