Basic triage in dogs and cats: Part II.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Emergency cases can be presented at any time of the day or night. All small animal practitioners need to have the skills to triage and stabilize common emergency cases, even if cases are ultimately referred to another facility. OBJECTIVE AND PROCEDURE: The second part of this 3-part review article series discusses animals that collapse at home as well as dogs and cats with bleeding. A stepwise approach to categorize and stabilize these cases is outlined, along with helpful tips to optimize the referral experience, if indicated. RESULTS: Having a robust and methodical approach to animals that collapse is important for many emergency cases, as the causes and treatment methods vary. Bleeding can lead to acute death if left untreated and knowing the steps to stop bleeding is important for patient stabilization. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Do not refer emergent cases before completing basic stabilization. Many emergency cases do not require emergent referral and can be worked up by the primary veterinarian or sent to a referral clinic on an appointment basis after appropriate stabilization steps have occurred.