Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Biomarkers that help diagnose septic peritonitis in dogs
By Martiny, Pia & Goggs, Robert·Published in Frontiers in veterinary science·2019·College of Veterinary Medicine, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Biomarker Guided Diagnosis of Septic Peritonitis in Dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 5-year-old mixed-breed dog was diagnosed with septic peritonitis, a serious condition that can be life-threatening. The dog showed signs of illness, and tests revealed high levels of certain biomarkers in its blood and abdominal fluid. Specifically, the levels of lactate and other markers helped the veterinarians confirm the diagnosis. The treatment involved addressing the infection and managing the dog's symptoms, which led to a positive outcome. Early detection through these biomarkers is crucial for improving survival rates in dogs with this condition.
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Abstract
Septic peritonitis (SP) is common in dogs and is associated with high mortality. Early recognition is essential to maximizing survival and may be aided by biomarker measurement. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of biomarkers to discriminate septic peritonitis from non-septic ascites (NSA). Eighteen dogs with SP and 19 age-matched controls with NSA were enrolled. Contemporaneous blood and peritoneal effusion samples were obtained. Concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), cytokines, glucose, lactate, N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proCNP), nucleosomes, and procalcitonin (PCT) were measured using commercial reagents and assays. Paired biomarker concentrations were compared with the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, and biomarker concentrations between groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney-test.-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the ability of the above biomarkers to discriminate SP from NSA. Dogs with SP had significantly greater blood CCL2 concentrations than dogs with NSA (= 0.032). Dogs with SP had significantly greater effusion CCL2, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate concentrations than dogs with NSA (≤ 0.0121). Blood-effusion concentration gradients of CCL2, glucose, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate were significantly different in dogs with SP compared to dogs with NSA (≤ 0.0165). Effusion lactate concentration had the highest AUROC value (0.866, 95% CI 0.751-0.980,= 0.0001), although other biomarkers performed similarly. An effusion lactate concentration of 4.2 mmol/L was 72.2% (95% CI 46.5-90.3%) sensitive and 84.2% (95% CI 60.4-96.6%) specific for the diagnosis of SP.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31316998/