Biomechanical comparison of two fixation constructs for displaced quadrilateral surface acetabular fractures: a finite elements analysis.

Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Acetabular fractures involving the quadrilateral surface demonstrate increasing prevalence and pose substantial challenges in orthopedic management. While stable fixation is essential to prevent complications such as post-traumatic arthritis, the optimal surgical technique for complex fractures, particularly those affecting the quadrilateral surface, remains controversial. This finite element analysis evaluates the comparative biomechanical performance and clinical utility of acetabular quadrilateral surface plates (AQSP) versus conventional reconstruction plates in treating acetabular T-type fractures.<h4>Methods</h4>This study employed finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate the biomechanical performance of two fixation methods: the conventional reconstruction plate and the AQSP. Three-dimensional models of T-type acetabular fractures were constructed and subjected to simulated physiological loading conditions, with stress distribution, displacement patterns, and implant stability assessed through quantification of von Mises stress, contact pressure, and displacement magnitudes.<h4>Results</h4>The AQSP exhibited superior mechanical stability relative to the conventional reconstruction plate, demonstrating more uniform stress distribution and reduced displacement. Quantitative analysis revealed enhanced stability metrics for the AQSP, including lower von Mises stress (37.99 MPa) and diminished displacement (0.39 mm).<h4>Conclusion</h4>The AQSP provides enhanced biomechanical stability for quadrilateral surface fracture fixation compared to conventional reconstruction plates. Its optimized stress distribution and reduced displacement establish the AQSP as a viable alternative for improving clinical outcomes in complex acetabular fractures.