Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Canine transmissible venereal tumor in 64 dogs in Morocco 2020-2023
By Laissaoui, Nadia et al.·Published in Open veterinary journal·2024·Department of Medicine·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Canine transmissible venereal tumor in Morocco: Clinical and pathological findings in 64 dogs-insights from a descriptive epidemiological study (2020-2023).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 3-year-old male cross-breed dog in Morocco was diagnosed with a contagious tumor known as canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT), which typically affects the genital area. In a study of 64 dogs with this condition, most cases were found in young, mixed-breed dogs, with tumors primarily located in the genital region. Some dogs showed unusual symptoms, with tumors appearing on the skin or in the nasal cavity. Early diagnosis was possible through cytology in a couple of cases, and further tests helped confirm the diagnosis. Understanding this tumor is crucial for better management and treatment options for affected dogs.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a widely spread, contagious neoplasm commonly found in dogs. Mostly affects the external genitalia, however, it may also exhibit unusual clinical presentations. AIM: To describe the epidemiology, clinical appearance, cytologic and histopathologic features of dogs with TVT in Morocco. METHODS: Within the realm of a nation-wide study on canine and feline tumors in Morocco between September 2020 and March 2023, dogs with histologically diagnosed TVT were identified and data on epidemiologic, clinical as well as cytologic, and histologic features were compiled and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 64 cases of canine TVT were diagnosed. 52 dogs were cross-breed (81.2%) while 4 Siberian Huskies (6.2%) and 3 German shepherds (4.7%) were the most affected pure-breed dogs. The median age of dogs at diagnosis was 3 years (range, 1-10years) and male gender was more common (male:female ratio; 1.3:1). Tumor was located exclusively in the genital area in 58 cases (90.6%), whereas 6 dogs (9.4%) had an atypical occurrence of TVT with locations including skin and nasal cavity. Cytology allowed for an early diagnosis in 2 cases. Histology revealed no differences between the genital and extragenital forms. Immunohistochemistry was necessary in 4 cases and revealed positive staining for vimentin and Alpha-1-antitrypsin, negative marking for CD3, CD20, and AE1/AE3, and low cytoplasmic labeling for lysozyme. CONCLUSION: CTVT is a widely distributed neoplasm in Morocco, mostly showing presence in young, cross-breed, and oftentimes stray dogs. An adequate understanding of this tumor's epidemiological features is necessary for its management and eradication.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38938432/