Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog with severe hydrocephalus diagnosed using advanced MRI scans
By Tauro, Anna et al.·Published in Frontiers in veterinary science·2025·Department of Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Case Report: 3D-CISS and PC-MRI in the diagnosis and surgical planning of hydrocephalus secondary to presumptive lateral aperture obstruction in a dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 5-month-old male Rhodesian Ridgeback was brought in with severe neurological issues, including difficulty walking and weakness in all four legs. After initial treatments didn't help, advanced MRI scans were performed, revealing a blockage in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) due to a condition called hydrocephalus. The dog underwent surgery to place a VP shunt, which significantly improved his condition, although he had some lingering balance issues. Unfortunately, five months later, the shunt broke, but after revision surgery, he recovered quickly and has remained stable for over a year.
People also search for: dog hydrocephalus symptoms · Rhodesian Ridgeback neurological issues · VP shunt surgery for dogs
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This report describes the use of three-dimensional constructive interference in steady state (3D-CISS) and phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) sequences to investigate the etiology of severe hydrocephalus, and the subsequent surgical management and long-term outcome. CASE PRESENTATION: A 5-month-old male Rhodesian Ridgeback presented with acute, progressive neurological signs culminating in non-ambulatory tetraparesis. Clinical and imaging findings were consistent with non-communicating tetraventricular hydrocephalus with concurrent severe syringomyelia, but conventional MRI failed to identify the cause of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow obstruction. Following failure of medical management, advanced MRI sequences were performed to clarify the underlying etiology and guide surgical planning. These included 3D-CISS for high-resolution anatomical assessment and PC-MRI for dynamic evaluation of CSF flow. The findings demonstrated patent intraventricular CSF flow and no evidence of arachnoid septations within the fourth ventricle, thereby excluding a fourth ventricle arachnoid diverticulum. Instead, the imaging findings supported a presumptive diagnosis of hydrocephalus secondary to lateral aperture occlusion. A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was placed, resulting in substantial clinical improvement, although mild residual cerebellar deficits persisted. Five months later, the dog experienced acute deterioration. Computed tomography revealed fracture of the distal catheter at the level of its abdominal wall anchoring site, likely due to progressive tension as the dog grew, resulting in the catheter snapping into two segments. Revision surgery restored CSF diversion and led to rapid clinical recovery. The patient remains neurologically stable at 28 months of age, 15 months post-revision. CONCLUSION: Advanced MRI sequences, particularly 3D-CISS and PC-MRI, were instrumental in supporting the presumptive diagnosis of lateral aperture obstruction as the underlying cause of hydrocephalus and in guiding an individualized, effective surgical strategy. This case highlights the diagnostic and clinical value of advanced MRI techniques in managing complex hydrocephalus.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41142559/