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Peer-reviewed veterinary case report

Stroke causing head tilt and weakness in a 2-month-old kitten

By Lucas Alécio Gomes et al.·Published in Semina: Ciências Agrárias·2013·View original on DOAJ

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Original publication title: Caudal brain infarctions in a kitten – case report<br>Infartos em região encefálica caudal em gata filhote – relato de caso

Species:
cat
Brain & nervesCats

Plain-English summary

A 2-month-old domestic shorthair kitten was brought in with symptoms like head tilt, weakness in all four legs, and a reduced response to light in her eyes. These neurological issues appeared suddenly and worsened quickly. Unfortunately, after the kitten passed away, a necropsy revealed bleeding and tissue death in her brain, indicating she had suffered a stroke likely caused by a blockage in her blood vessels. This case highlights that strokes, while rare in pets, can occur and lead to serious health problems.

People also search for: kitten stroke symptoms · cat head tilt treatment · why is my kitten weak · cat neurological problems · kitten blood vessel blockage

Abstract

Stroke is uncommon in animals compared with humans because of the lower incidence of atherosclerosis and primary hypertension. However with advanced imaging, vascular disease is being recognized with increasing frequency in veterinary medicine. Cerebrovascular disease can be subdivided into infarction and hemorrhage, although the two categories overlap in the case of hemorrhagic infarcts. The aim of thisarticle is to report the neurological manifestations associated with stroke (infarctions) in at two-month old, domestic shorthair cat. Neurological evaluation revealed head tilt, tetraparesis, proprioceptive deficits in all four limbs, and decreased pupillary light reflex. Further, manifestations of neurological dysfunctions were acute and progressive. At the necropsy, grossly there were hemorrhage and necrosis at mid-brain and cerebellum. Histopathology confirmed liquefactive necrosis at the mid-brain and cerebellum. The neurological manifestations associated with the pathological findings are suggestive of an anoxic infarction probably due to vascular occlusion.<p><p> Em animais é baixa a incidência de arterosclerose e hipertensão primária. Devido a tal característica, infarto cerebral é incomum nos mesmos. Entretanto, com o avanço das modalidades de imagem, doença vascular está sendo reconhecida com maio frequência na medicina veterinária. Doença cerebrovascular pode ser subdividida em infarto e hemorragia, embora as duas categorias se interponham no caso de infartos hemorrágicos. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever as manifestações neurológicas associadas a acidente vascular (infartos) em uma gata de dois meses de idade, sem raça definida e domiciliada. Na avaliação neurológica observou-se inclinação de cabeça, tetraparesia, déficits proprioceptivos nos quatro membros e diminuição do reflexo pupilar a luz. Além disso, os problemas neurológicos foram agudos e progressivos. Na necropsia macroscopicamente detectou-se hemorragia e necrose no mesencéfalo e cerebelo. No exame histopatológico confirmou-se a presença de necrose liquefativa nas no mesencéfalo e cerebelo. Os sinais neurológicos associados com os achados patológicos são sugestivos de infarto levando a anóxia provavelmente devido à oclusão vascular.

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Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2013v34n2p817