Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Blood markers linked to stomach twisting severity in dogs with GDV
By Troia, Roberta et al.Ā·Published in Frontiers in veterinary scienceĀ·2018Ā·Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, ItalyĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Cell-Free DNA, High-Mobility Group Box-1, and Procalcitonin Concentrations in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus Syndrome.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 5-year-old Great Dane was brought to the vet with a swollen belly and signs of distress, diagnosed with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), a serious condition that can be life-threatening. Tests showed high levels of certain inflammatory markers (cell-free DNA, high-mobility group box-1, and procalcitonin) in the dog's blood, indicating severe tissue damage and inflammation. The vet monitored the dog's lactate levels, which were also elevated, suggesting gastric necrosis (tissue death). Unfortunately, the dog did not survive, as the high procalcitonin levels indicated a poor prognosis.
People also search for: dog swollen belly GDV Ā· Great Dane gastric dilatation treatment Ā· dog high procalcitonin levels
Abstract
Canine gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening disease characterized by extensive tissue ischemia, tissue hypoperfusion, and systemic inflammation. Biomarkers that better reflect the severity of gastric necrosis and systemic inflammation would aid clinicians in the management of these patients. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), and procalcitonin (PCT) in dogs with GDV. Concentrations of cfDNA, HMGB1, and PCT were measured in citrated plasma samples collected from 29 dogs with GDV at hospital admission. Additional data collected included baseline lactate concentrations, APPLEscore, evidence of gastric necrosis, occurrence of postoperative complications, and outcome. Twenty-four healthy dogs were sampled as controls. Continuous variables between groups were compared with the Mann-Whitneyand correlations between continuous variables were assessed by calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficient. Alpha was set at 0.05. Dogs with GDV had significantly greater concentrations of cfDNA, HMGB1, and PCT compared to controls ( = 0.0009, = 0.004, and = 0.009, respectively). PCT concentrations were significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors ( = 0.008). Dogs with gastric necrosis had significantly greater lactate concentrations compared to dogs without gastric necrosis ( = 0.0005). The APPLEscore was not prognostic. Lactate and PCT concentrations were moderately, positively correlated (0.51, = 0.0005). Concentrations of the inflammatory biomarkers cfDNA, HMGB1, and PCT are increased in canine GDV. Only lactate and PCT concentrations were prognostic in this population of GDV dogs and were predictive of the presence of gastric necrosis and of non-survival to hospital discharge, respectively.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29686994/