Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Immune response in dogs after tetravalent Leptospira vaccine
By Novak, Andreja et al.·Published in Vaccine·2023·Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Netherlands·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Cellular and humoral immune responsiveness to inactivated Leptospira interrogans in dogs vaccinated with a tetravalent Leptospira vaccine.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs received a tetravalent vaccine to protect against leptospirosis, a serious infection caused by bacteria. After vaccination, their immune responses were significantly boosted, showing increased levels of antibodies and T cells that help fight off infections. This means that the vaccine not only helps create antibodies but also strengthens the dog's overall immune system. Regular annual vaccinations can help keep your dog protected against leptospirosis by enhancing their immune response over time.
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Abstract
Vaccination is commonly used to protect dogs against leptospirosis, however, memory immune responses induced by canine Leptospira vaccines have not been studied. In the present study, antibody and T cell mediated responses were assessed in dogs before and 2 weeks after annual revaccination with a commercial tetravalent Leptospira vaccine containing serogroups Canicola and Australis. Vaccination significantly increased average logIgG titers from 6.50 to 8.41 in year 1, from 5.99 to 7.32 in year 2, from 5.32 to 8.32 in year 3 and from 5.32 to 7.82 in year 4. The CXCL-10 levels, induced by in vitro stimulation of PBMC with Canicola and Australis, respectively, significantly increased from 1039.05 pg/ml and 1037.38 pg/ml before vaccination to 2547.73 pg/ml and 2730.38 pg/ml after vaccination. IFN-γ levels increased from 85.60 pg/ml and 178.13 pg/ml before vaccination to 538.62 pg/ml and 210.97 pg/ml after vaccination. The percentage of proliferating CD4T cells in response to respective Leptospira strains significantly increased from 1.43 % and 1.25 % before vaccination to 24.11 % and 14.64 % after vaccination. Similar responses were also found in the CD8T cell subset. Vaccination also significantly enhanced the percentages of central memory CD4T cells from 12 % to 26.97 % and 27.65 %, central memory CD8T cells from 3 % to 9.47 % and 7.55 %, and effector CD8T cells from 3 % to 7.6 % and 6.42 %, as defined by the expression of CD45RA and CD62L, following stimulation with Canicola and Australis, respectively. Lastly, enhanced expression of the activation marker CD25 on T cells after vaccination was found. Together, our results show that next to IgG responses, also T cell responses are induced in dogs upon annual revaccination with a tetravalent Leptospira vaccine, potentially contributing to protection.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36411135/