Blood and chemistry changes in cats with panleukopenia

Abstract

One of the most widespread infectious disorders affecting cats is panleukopenia. The feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), which is part of the Parvoviridae family, is the causative agent, and its main clinical symptoms include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, neutropenia, and leukopenia. The aim of this research is to assess whether feline panleukopenia (FP) affects hematological and biochemical erythropoiesis parameters. The 84 cats were divided into two groups: case (infected, n = 42) and control (healthy, n = 42) out of the 84 cats with and without a panleukopenia diagnosis. With the use of the VetExpert Rapid Test FPV Ag, FP was diagnosed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect FPV. A Semiautomatic Chemistry Analyzer (HTI Diagnostics, USA) was used to conduct hematological and biochemical studies. The hepatorenal syndrome was diagnosed based on the presence of pancreatitis (glucose levels rose by 31%), hyperenzymemia of alpha-amylase, significantly elevated total bilirubin, 20% elevated blood protein levels, and elevated creatinine and urea levels. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was 22% lower on average (p≤0.05), which is significantly lower. The cause of panleukopenia in cats is complicated, with typical alterations in the biochemical and hematological parameters as well as the development of multiple organ failure and immunosuppression (a 50% reduction in leukocytes).