Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
New Japanese canine distemper virus strains and vaccine potential
By Takenaka, Akiko et al.·Published in Veterinary microbiology·2014·The Institute of Medical Science, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Characterization of two recent Japanese field isolates of canine distemper virus and examination of the avirulent strain utility as an attenuated vaccine.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs was infected with two new strains of canine distemper virus (CDV) recently found in Japan to see how they affected the dogs. One strain, called Yanaka, did not cause any illness and successfully triggered an immune response, while the other strain, Bunkyo-K, caused typical symptoms of CDV. The study showed that the Yanaka strain could be used as a vaccine, providing protection against both older and newer strains of the virus without causing any side effects. This means the Yanaka strain could be a promising option for vaccinating dogs against CDV.
People also search for: dog distemper vaccine · canine distemper symptoms · new dog vaccine strains
Abstract
Recently, several new strains of canine distemper virus (CDV) have been isolated in Japan. To investigate their pathogenesis in dogs, the Yanaka and Bunkyo-K strains were investigated by infecting dogs and determining clinical signs, amount of virus, and antibody responses. The Yanaka strain is avirulent and induced an antibody response. The Bunkyo-K strain induced typical CDV clinical signs in infected dogs and virulence was enhanced by brain passage. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of H genes demonstrated the Bunkyo-K strains were of a different lineage from Asia-1 group including the Yanaka strain and Asia-2 group that contain recent Japanese isolates, which were recently identified as major prevalent strains worldwide but distinct from old vaccine strains. Based on these data, we tested the ability of the Yanaka strain for vaccination. Inoculation with the Yanaka strain efficiently induced CDV neutralizing antibodies with no clinical signs, and the protection effects against challenge with either old virulent strain or Bunkyo-K strain were equal or greater when compared with vaccination by an original vaccine strain. Thus, the Yanaka strain is a potential vaccine candidate against recent prevalent CDV strains.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25465179/