Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Clinical, advanced imaging data and outcome of inflammatory and neoplastic orbital disease in 81 dogs and 16 cats in Australia (2010-2019).
- Journal:
- Veterinary ophthalmology
- Year:
- 2022
- Authors:
- Coall, Sarah M et al.
- Affiliation:
- Department of Ophthalmology · United Kingdom
Plain-English summary
This study looked at 97 pets, including 81 dogs and 16 cats, that had problems with their eyes and were referred for advanced imaging tests like CT or MRI. The researchers found that most of these pets had inflammatory conditions, particularly orbital cellulitis, which is an infection around the eye, rather than tumors. In dogs, 44% had orbital cellulitis, while in cats, it was even higher at 80%. The study also noted that some dogs had foreign objects causing the infection, and resistant bacteria were found in a few cases, which affected treatment choices. Overall, the findings suggest that inflammatory eye diseases are more common than tumors in these pets, and it's important to check for bacterial infections when diagnosing orbital cellulitis.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the clinical presentation, advanced imaging features, and outcome of orbital disease in a referral population of dogs and cats that underwent computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ANIMALS STUDIED: Client-owned animals. PROCEDURES: Animals referred for orbital disease undergoing ophthalmic examination and either head MRI or CT were included. Demographic and imaging features were compared between animals diagnosed with inflammatory disease and neoplastic disease using Mann-Whitney U and Fischer's exact tests. RESULTS: Ninety-seven animals (81 dogs and 16 cats) were included. Eighty-four and 13 patients underwent CT and MRI scanning, respectively. Inflammatory orbital disease was more frequently detected than neoplasia in dogs (59% vs. 41%) and cats (62% vs. 39%). Orbital cellulitis was the most common diagnosis in dogs (36/81, 44.4%) and cats (8/16, 80%). A foreign body was suspected in 36.1% of dogs with orbital cellulitis but only 3 were retrieved during orbitotomy. Multi-drug resistant bacteria were identified in 3 samples and influenced treatment plans. The most common neoplasms were sarcoma (10/30) and carcinoma (7/30) in dogs and lymphoma in cats (3/6). Imaging findings of osteolysis (p = 0.0002) and intracranial extension (p = 0.0001) were significantly associated with neoplasia in dogs. In contrast, osteolysis extension was present in cats with both inflammatory (7/10) and neoplastic (6/6) orbital disease. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory disease, particularly orbital cellulitis, was more common than neoplasia in dogs and cats with orbital disease in our population. We recommend including bacterial culture and susceptibility as part of the diagnostic work up when orbital cellulitis is suspected.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34554639/