Clinical presentation, surgical management, and long-term outcomes of pharyngeal sialoceles in dogs: 6 cases (2015-2025).

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pharyngeal sialoceles are a rare form of salivary mucocele in dogs and may present with upper airway obstruction. Limited data are available regarding their clinical presentation and optimal management. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical signs, diagnostic findings, surgical treatment, and outcomes in six dogs with pharyngeal sialoceles. CASE PRESENTATION: Medical records of six dogs diagnosed and/or surgically treated for pharyngeal sialoceles were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic procedures, surgical approach, and follow-up outcomes. Dogs ranged in age from 1.5 to 5 years (median 3.5 years), with a predominance of males (83%). Clinical signs included hypersalivation, cervical swelling, stridor, and dyspnea. Four cases were left-sided and two right-sided; three dogs had concurrent cervical sialoceles. Cytology confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. Radiography was performed in three dogs and computed tomography was performed in one. All underwent mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy via a ventral approach, with partial excision of the pharyngeal wall. No postoperative complications or recurrences were observed during follow-up (12-48 months). CONCLUSIONS: Pharyngeal sialoceles, while rare, should be considered in dogs presenting with upper airway signs. Complete surgical excision of the mandibular and sublingual glands, along with partial removal of the sialocele, appears to be effective and associated with a favorable prognosis.