Ear disease signs in lop-eared rabbits and breeding effects

Abstract

This case study examines the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of aural disease in a mini lop rabbit, highlighting the impact of selective breeding on rabbit health and welfare. The article outlines how the characteristic ear conformation of lop-eared rabbits predisposes them to cerumen accumulation, chronic otitis externa and interna, and associated complications such as abscess formation, facial nerve damage and Horner's syndrome. Notably, the report emphasises the frequent subclinical nature of aural disease and the importance of early detection for improving prognosis. The case presented involves a mini lop rabbit with a history of recurrent ocular discharge and dacryocystitis, later diagnosed with otitis interna and media by radiographic imaging. The complexities of diagnosis and treatment in patients of advanced age, owner education and stress-reduction strategies in hospitalised rabbits are discussed. The article stresses the necessity of regular veterinary check-ups, breed-specific client education, comprehensive pain management and appropriate diagnostic approaches, including culture and sensitivity testing where feasible. It concludes that selective breeding has increased the incidence of aural disease among pet rabbits, and highlights the need for proactive veterinary intervention, owner awareness and multimodal management to enhance rabbit welfare and quality of life.