Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Emphysematous cystitis in 27 dogs with urinary signs and infections
By Merkel, Lindsay Kate et al.·Published in Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·2017·From the University of Minnesota Twin Cities·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Clinicopathologic and Microbiologic Findings Associated with Emphysematous Cystitis in 27 Dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 7-year-old female Dachshund was brought in for blood in her urine and was diagnosed with emphysematous cystitis, a serious bladder condition where gas builds up in the bladder wall. The vet found that she also had diabetes, which is a common issue in dogs with this condition. Treatment involved using antibiotics that are effective against the bacteria causing the infection, and the dog responded well to the medication. After treatment, her symptoms improved, and she was able to recover.
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Abstract
This is a retrospective case series of 27 dogs with emphysematous cystitis. Medical records from two veterinary teaching hospitals from 1992 to 2014 were reviewed. The aims of the study were to determine imaging findings, common underlying disease processes, and prevalent bacterial species and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in dogs with emphysematous cystitis. The most common lower urinary tract sign was hematuria. Gas was detected in the wall and lumen of the urinary bladder in 14 of 27 dogs (51.9%), in only the wall of the bladder in 9 of 27 dogs (33%), and in only the lumen of the bladder in 4 of 27 dogs (14.8%). Comorbid diseases were identified in all but one case. The most common comorbid disease processes were diabetes mellitus in 33% of dogs, neurologic disease in 26% of dogs, and adrenal disease in 19% of dogs. Bacterial isolates included Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus spp., and Actinomyces spp. Enterococcus spp. were always isolated in mixed infections with gas-producing bacterial species. During the period of study, most isolates were predicted to be susceptible to beta-lactam drugs, but updated veterinary breakpoints suggest that fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole would be more appropriate choices for empiric therapy.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28892422/