Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Ocular melanosis in Cairn Terriers and other dogs compared
By Eaton, J Seth et al.·Published in Veterinary ophthalmology·2024·Department of Surgical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Clinicopathologic profiles of canine ocular melanosis: A comparative study between cairn terriers and non-cairn terriers.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that Cairn Terriers are more likely to develop ocular melanosis, a condition affecting the eyes, compared to other breeds like Boxers, Labradors, and French Bulldogs. Symptoms may include changes in eye pigmentation and, in severe cases, glaucoma, which often leads to the removal of the eye. The research showed that Cairn Terriers had more noticeable eye changes than non-Cairn breeds. If your dog shows signs of eye problems, it's important to consult your veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and treatment options.
People also search for: dog eye problems Cairn Terrier · ocular melanosis in dogs · Boxer eye pigmentation issues · Labrador Retriever glaucoma symptoms
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify canine breeds at risk for ocular melanosis and to compare the clinical and histologic features between affected Cairn Terriers (CTs) and non-Cairn Terriers (NCTs). DESIGN: Relative risk (RR) analysis and retrospective cohort study of dogs histologically diagnosed with ocular melanosis. PROCEDURES: The COPLOW archive was searched for globe submissions diagnosed with ocular melanosis. Six hundred fifty globes were included, and RR analysis was performed to identify at-risk NCT breeds. A cohort of 360 CT and NCT globes diagnosed from 2013 to 2023 were included in the retrospective cohort study. Clinical data were collected from submission forms, medical records, and follow-up surveys. One hundred fifty-seven submissions underwent masked histologic review. Immunohistochemical staining for CD204 was performed to determine the predominance of melanophages in affected uvea from five NCTs. RESULTS: At-risk NCT breeds included the Boxer, Labrador Retriever, and French Bulldog. Glaucoma was the reported reason for enucleation in 79.4% of submissions. At enucleation, clinical features less prevalent in NCTs than CTs included pigmentary abnormalities in the contralateral eye (33.7% vs. 63.1%, p = .0008) and abnormal episcleral/scleral pigmentation in the enucleated globe (25.4% vs. 53.6%, p = .0008). Histologic involvement of the episclera was also less frequent in NCTs than in CTs (39.7% vs. 76.9%, p = .008). Concurrent melanocytic neoplasms arising in melanosis were more common in NCTs (24.4%) than CTs (3.9%). Melanophages were not predominant in any samples evaluated immunohistochemically. CONCLUSIONS: Several popular NCT breeds carry risk for ocular melanosis, and some clinicopathologic disease features may differ from those described in CTs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38270513/