New topical treatment compared to standard therapy for dog ear

Abstract

Canine otitis externa (OE) presents a significant challenge in veterinary medicine due to its complex, multifactorial nature and the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) associated with conventional antibiotic use. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of a novel, antibiotic-free topical ear solution (Therapy A) containing antimicrobial peptides and encapsulated plant extracts (chamomile, calendula, rosemary, and hops) against a standard conventional treatment (Therapy B) composed of gentamicin, betamethasone valerate, and clotrimazole. A longitudinal, randomized study was conducted over four weeks with 40 domestic dogs diagnosed with OE. The dogs were divided into two groups, each receiving one of the therapies. Evaluations were performed weekly, assessing clinical signs using the Otitis Index Scoring System (OTIS-3) and a pruritus visual analog scale (pVAS), as well as ear canal pH and cytology. The results showed that Therapy A provided similar clinical efficacy in OTIS-3 and pVAS scores that were comparable to Therapy B. Cytological analysis also revealed a significant reduction in microbial presence for both groups. Notably, Therapy A was clinically effective in two of the three dogs presenting multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. The novel formulation also demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with no adverse drug reactions reported, in contrast to one dog in the conventional treatment group that experienced an adverse reaction. These findings suggest that the plant-based formulation is a safe and effective alternative for managing canine OE, offering a promising solution to reduce the reliance on antibiotics and corticosteroids.