Comparative evaluation of chitligsan nanosuspension gel and spray for enhancing full-thickness wound healing in a rat model.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This study explores the wound healing potential of Chitligsan (CHG), a novel formulation derived from the enzymatic and fossil-based components of Sahara soil, in nanosuspension-based gel and spray forms. Using a full-thickness wound model in Wistar rats, CHG's efficacy was compared with saline (control) and terramycin treatments. METHODS: A total of 48 rats were divided into four groups: Control (saline), Spray (CHG spray), Gel (CHG gel), and Terramycin pomad. Wound areas were measured at days 3, 7, 14, and 21. RESULTS: By day 21, CHG spray reduced wound size to 0.08&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.01&#x2009;cm, while the gel achieved 0.09&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.01&#x2009;cm, outperforming both control (0.34&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.02&#x2009;cm) and terramycin (0.14&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.05&#x2009;cm,&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.05). Histopathological analysis demonstrated superior epithelial regeneration, dense collagenization, and minimal inflammation in CHG-treated groups compared to others. The nanoscale size of CHG particles (89.6&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.26&#x2009;nm) and their stable zeta potential (-26.1&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;1.5&#x2009;mV) contributed to enhanced bioavailability and wound healing efficiency. Morphological and FTIR analyses confirmed the stability and compatibility of the nanosuspension. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights CHG's potential as a biocompatible and effective wound care solution, offering significant advantages in granulation tissue formation and keratinization compared to conventional treatments.