Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Imaging and classification of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs
By Doocy, Kelley R et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2018·Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Comparative, multidimensional imaging of patent ductus arteriosus and a proposed update to the morphology classification system for dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 25 dogs with a condition called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which can cause heart problems, underwent various imaging tests to better understand the shape and size of their condition. The dogs were treated with either catheter-based occlusion or surgical ligation, both of which were performed without complications. The imaging showed that most PDAs had an oval shape, and the study suggests that different imaging methods provide different measurements, which are not interchangeable. This research aims to improve how veterinarians classify and treat this heart condition in dogs.
People also search for: dog patent ductus arteriosus treatment · dog heart problems surgery · how is PDA diagnosed in dogs
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Accurately assessing the morphology and shape of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and obtaining measurements are important to avoid procedural complications. OBJECTIVES: To characterize and compare PDA morphology, shape, and dimensions with angiography and echocardiography. ANIMALS: 25 client-owned dogs with echocardiographically confirmed PDA. METHODS: Prospective case series. Imaging consisted of single plane angiography, transthoracic echocardiography from the right (TTE-R) and left (TTE-L), and two-dimensional, biplane, and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE-2D and TEE-3D). Measurements included angiographic minimal ductal diameter (MDD), echocardiographic pulmonary ostium in a single dimension (TTE-R, TTE-L, and TEE-2D) and in perpendicular dimensions (TEE-3D) with similar measurements of the ampulla 3 mm above the MDD or pulmonary ostium. The morphology and shape of the PDA were characterized. RESULTS: Catheter-based occlusion (N = 20) and surgical ligation (N = 5) were performed without complication. Angiographic morphology was classified as type II (N = 19), type III (N = 1), and other (N = 1). Angiographic MDD and TEE-2D pulmonary ostium measurements were significantly (P = .008) but weakly correlated (r = .56); similar relationships were found for ampulla diameter measurements (P < .0001; r = .75). In general, TEE-2D did not correlate with other imaging modalities measurements. Based on TEE-3D measurements, the majority of pulmonary ostium (17/24; 71%) and ampulla (19/24; 79%) were oval. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Measurements using different imaging modalities are not interchangeable. TEE-3D provided an en face view of the PDA that cannot be replicated with other echocardiographic techniques and demonstrated an oval shape in the majority of dogs. We propose an update to the current classification system to include additional PDA morphologies.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29460426/