Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Torsion strength comparison of Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive TPMS
By Skibar M et al.·2026·DEWA R&D Centre·View original on Europe PMC →
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Original publication title: Comparative Torsional Properties via Numerical Simulation of Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS): Diamond, Gyroid and Primitive Structures.
Plain-English summary
This study looks at the twisting strength of certain structures called triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), specifically Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive shapes. Researchers used computer simulations to analyze these structures, which were all the same size but had different densities and unit cell sizes. They found that the Primitive structure was significantly stronger than the others when it came to twisting, especially at certain sizes. As the density increased, the strength of the Diamond and Gyroid structures also improved, but the Primitive structure showed a decrease in strength at larger sizes. Overall, the findings suggest that the design and density of these structures can greatly affect their strength when twisted.
Abstract
This work examines the simulation-based torsion properties of TPMS structures. Although TPMS structures are gaining more interest in research and potential practical applications, their torsion properties are not widely studied. In this work, sheet-based Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive TPMS structures are analyzed numerically using the finite element method. The samples have a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 40 mm. Relative densities are 30%, 50%, and 70%, while unit cell sizes are 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm. Cell geometry did not significantly affect the properties for samples with a 10 mm unit cell size. For other unit cell sizes, the shear modulus and shear yield stress were 1.5-4 times higher for the Primitive structure than for other geometries. With increasing relative density, the shear modulus and shear yield stress increased by 1.5-2 times for the Diamond and Gyroid structures, as well as for the Primitive structure with a 10 mm unit cell size. The Primitive structure with 15 mm and 20 mm unit cell sizes showed a decrease in properties with increasing relative density. Regarding the effect of unit cell size, the shear modulus and shear yield stress showed insignificant differences for the Diamond and Gyroid structures, while the Primitive structure showed dependence on unit cell size. Samples with a 15 mm unit cell size had 1.5-2 times higher shear modulus and 1.5-3 times higher shear yield stress than samples with a 10 mm unit cell size. Samples with a 20 mm unit cell size exhibited slightly lower shear modulus and shear yield stress than those with 15 mm unit cells.
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Search related cases →Original publication on Europe PMC: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/41901867