Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Fluid Motion and Volumetric Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer in Agitated Platelet Concentrate Storage.

Abstract

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) offers a powerful tool in characterizing the complex biophysical environment inducing by dynamic storage conditions, providing insights often beyond the reach of conventional experimental approaches. As our understanding of platelet (PLT) biology has advanced, increased attention has been directed toward mechanical stresses, attributing shear forces encountered during collection, processing, and storage to an acceleration decline in PLT concentrate (PC) quality. CFD simulations using the volume of fluid model were used to simulate PC storage under varying agitation frequencies. Key parameters assessed include fluid velocity, wall shear stress (WSS), and gas-liquid mass transfer. Agitation increased fluid velocity and WSS while preserving the temporal symmetry characteristic of sinusoidal motion. Enhanced oxygen transfer was observed in open-top containers; however, when accounting for the gas permeability of storage materials, oxygen availability was ultimately constrained by container permeability rather than fluid motion. These results highlight the dual role of agitation: promoting oxygen transfer while simultaneously introducing mechanical stress that may contribute to PLT storage lesions. Importantly, since oxygen supply is limited by container permeability, reducing agitation could minimize shear-induced PLT damage without compromising oxygenation. Future optimization strategies may involve modifying storage container geometry or permeability to further improve oxygen delivery during storage.