Computational study of unsteady Homann type flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid in the presence of induced magnetic forces and time relaxation.

Abstract

Thermal and mass management is one of the major components of material processing in various productive industries. A significant predictive analytical way is presented in this work to predict the heat and mass exchange during many industrial processes. More specifically, this work is very relevant to exploring the physics of ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF), induced magnetic field, first-order chemical reaction, Darcy Forchheimer effects, suction/injection, modified heat and mass fluxes effects. The convective surface constraints are imposed to address the surface behavior of the dynamic disk. The typical potential Homann-type flow equations and the thermal and mass balance aspects are mathematically expressed via a set of nonlinear flow, thermal, mass, and induced magnetic field equations. However, the material composition is based on the effective inclusion of nanoparticles, CoFe₂O₄, ZnO and Au in the base liquid ethylene glycols. The influence of such physical factors is described through explicit graphical and numerical tables, while using the modified collocation method. Moreover, the valid behaviors of each controlling parameter are presented through the THNF temperature, concentration, velocity, resistive forces, and induced magnetic field. The ratio of stress and strain caused a significant enhancement in the flow components of the material. The thermal expansion factor reduced the material temperature significantly away from the surface. The Darcy and non-Darcy Forchiemer factors both cause a reduction in the flow speed of the composite THNF materials. The ratio of strain rate and disk linear deformation enhanced the flow speed, and a reduction is noted for the higher Eckert and thermal relaxation factor. The Biot number appeared in the surface condition, which decreased the thermal trend of the material. The time relaxation for the mass fraction factor diminished the material concentration, and the same is enhanced via the first chemical reaction factor. An authentic and justified comparison is generated to show the validity of the numerical method.