Cooperation of Gastric Mononuclear Phagocytes withduring Colonization.

Abstract

, the dominant member of the human gastric microbiota, elicits immunoregulatory responses implicated in protective versus pathological outcomes. To evaluate the role of macrophages during infection, we employed a system with a shifted proinflammatory macrophage phenotype by deleting PPARγ in myeloid cells and found a 5- to 10-fold decrease in gastric bacterial loads. Higher levels of colonization in wild-type mice were associated with increased presence of mononuclear phagocytes and in particular with the accumulation of CD11bF4/80CD64CXCR1macrophages in the gastric lamina propria. Depletion of phagocytic cells by clodronate liposomes in wild-type mice resulted in a reduction of gastriccolonization compared with nontreated mice. PPARγ-deficient and macrophage-depleted mice presented decreased IL-10-mediated myeloid and T cell regulatory responses soon after infection. IL-10 neutralization duringinfection led to increased IL-17-mediated responses and increased neutrophil accumulation at the gastric mucosa. In conclusion, we report the induction of IL-10-driven regulatory responses mediated by CD11bF4/80CD64CXCR1mononuclear phagocytes that contribute to maintaining high levels ofloads in the stomach by modulating effector T cell responses at the gastric mucosa.