Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How to tell benign vs malignant hemophagocytic disorders in dog bone
By Weiss, Douglas J.·Published in Veterinary Clinical Pathology·2001·View original on Crossref →
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Original publication title: Cytologic Evaluation of Benign and Malignant Hemophagocytic Disorders in Canine Bone Marrow
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with bone marrow issues were examined to understand the differences between benign and malignant hemophagocytic disorders, which can affect blood cell production. Out of 286 cases, 13 dogs showed a significant presence of certain immune cells called macrophages. Some dogs were diagnosed with serious conditions like malignant histiocytosis, while others had less severe issues. The study found that it can be challenging to tell benign from malignant forms just by looking at the bone marrow cells under a microscope. This means that additional tests may be needed for a clear diagnosis.
People also search for: dog bone marrow disease · canine hemophagocytic syndrome symptoms · malignant histiocytosis in dogs
Abstract
Abstract:Canine hemophagocytic disorders were studied to better understand the cytologic features that differentiate benign and malignant disease. Of 286 canine clinical bone marrow reports evaluated retrospectively, 13 (4.5%) noted at least 3% hemophagocytic macrophages. Macrophages comprised between 6% and 44% of nucleated bone marrow cells. Clinical diagnoses for dogs with hemophagocytic disorders included malignant histiocytosis (n = 2), myelodysplastic syndromes (n = 4), round cell neoplasia (n = 2), immune‐mediated disorders (n = 2), and idiopathic hemophagocytic syndrome (n = 3). Differentiation of benign and malignant forms of histiocytosis was problematic. Two dogs with a diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome had macrophages with atypical features similar to those described for malignant histiocytosis. Furthermore, only 2 of 11 dogs with presumably benign hemophagocytic disorders had exclusively mature macrophages in bone marrow. Other dogs had variable numbers of large reticular‐type cells characterized by lacy chromatin, anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, and prominent and/or multiple nucleoli. On the basis of these results, cytomorphologic evaluation of bone marrow alone may not be adequate to consistently differentiate benign and malignant forms of hemophagocytic disorders.
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Search related cases →Original publication on Crossref: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165x.2001.tb00253.x