D2022 alleviates hyperuricemia and suppresses renal inflammationpotential gut-kidney axis.

Abstract

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a widespread metabolic disorder. Probiotics have drawn increasing attention as an adjunctive treatment with fewer side effects. However, thus far the effective strains are limited and the mechanisms for their serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering effect are not well understood. Along this line, we conducted the current study using a hyperuricemia mouse model induced by potassium oxonate and adenine. A novel strain ofnamed D2022 was identified to have significant SUA-lowering capability.D2022 significantly reduced SUA levels by inhibiting uric acid synthesis and regulating uric acid transportation. It was also found thatD2022 alleviated HUA-induced renal inflammatory injury involving multiple signaling pathways. By focusing on the expression of NLRP3-related inflammatory genes, we found correlations between the expression levels of these genes and free fatty acid receptors (FFARs). In addition, oral administration ofD2022 increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecal samples, which may be one of the mechanisms by which oral probiotics alleviate renal inflammation. Serum untargeted metabolomics showed changes in a variety of serum metabolites associated with purine metabolism and inflammation after oral administration ofD2022, further confirming its systemic bioactivity. Finally, it was proved thatD2022 improved intestinal barrier function. In conclusion,D2022 can alleviate HUA and HUA-induced nephropathy by increasing the production of SCFAs in the gut and systemic metabolism.