Deep learning-based no-reference image quality assessment framework for Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp.

Abstract

Image Quality Assessment (IQA) plays a critical role in image-based decision-making systems, especially in domains requiring high diagnostic precision. Effective feature information is a prerequisite for the high performance of machine learning methods in parasitic organism detection, and the quality of this feature information is influenced by the quality of the images. However, No-Reference IQA (NR-IQA) models have ignored microscopy-based datasets, particularly those involving parasitic organisms such as Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp., which are vital for public health inspection. In this study, PRIQA (Parasite ResNet-101 IQA), a novel deep learning-based NR-IQA model specifically trained on a small parasite image dataset was presented. Using Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) from twenty human evaluators, nine Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) architectures were benchmarked and identified ResNet-101 as the most robust feature extractor. The features were mapped to MOS using regression models and compared with ten state-of-the-art NR-IQA algorithms. Experimental results demonstrated that PRIQA consistently outperforms existing methods, indicating its suitability as a practical quality control tool for identifying unreliable or low-quality parasite microscopy images and supporting more consistent downstream detection and diagnostic workflows in automated inspection systems.