Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Cat with seizures and hippocampal necrosis linked to netrin-1
By Hasegawa, Daisuke et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2019·Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Deleted in colorectal cancer (netrin-1 receptor) antibodies and limbic encephalitis in a cat with hippocampal necrosis.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A 7-year-old female cat started having severe seizures and was diagnosed with swelling and damage in her brain's hippocampus. Despite being treated with antiepileptic drugs and steroids, her seizures returned and worsened, leading to a state of continuous seizures and eventual kidney failure. Unfortunately, the cat had to be euthanized after her condition did not improve. Tests showed she had antibodies linked to a rare autoimmune condition affecting her brain.
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Abstract
A 7-year-old neutered female domestic shorthaired cat born in Poland and then moved to Japan presented to the local clinic with recent onset of convulsive cluster seizures and status epilepticus. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral swelling of the hippocampus with T2 hyperintensity and contrast enhancing image, suggesting hippocampal necrosis. The cat completely recovered after treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AED) and administration of prednisolone (1 mg/kg PO q24h for 4 days and tapered). However, cluster seizures reoccurred and developed into status epilepticus despite increasing doses of AED. Although the convulsions were resolved by other AEDs, stupor and renal failure developed, and the cat was euthanized. Pathological findings were consistent with hippocampal necrosis. Immunological analysis for leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) autoantibodies was negative, but antibodies against DCC (deleted in colorectal carcinoma) known as netrin-1 receptor were found. This report describes a case of feline autoimmune limbic encephalitis and hippocampal necrosis that were presumably associated with DCC autoantibodies.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30942925/