Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Orbifloxacin doses needed to clear dog urinary infections
By Shimizu, Takae & Harada, Kazuki·Published in Microbiology and immunology·2017·United Graduate School of Veterinary Science·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Determination of minimum biofilm eradication concentrations of orbifloxacin for canine bacterial uropathogens over different treatment periods.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that dogs with urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by certain bacteria, like E. coli, may need specific antibiotics to effectively clear the infection, especially when biofilms are present. Researchers tested the effectiveness of orbifloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin/clavulanate over different treatment times. They discovered that orbifloxacin was more effective at eradicating the bacteria after 72 and 168 hours compared to just 24 hours. This suggests that the type of bacteria and the length of treatment are crucial for successfully treating UTIs in dogs.
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Abstract
Biofilm formation can cause refractory urinary tract infections (UTIs) in dogs; however, minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of veterinary drugs against canine uropathogens remain to be investigated. In this study, the MBECs of orbifloxacin (OBFX), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (ACV) over different time periods for treatment of canine uropathogenic Escherichia coli (n = 10) were determined. The MBECs of OBFX for other bacterial uropathogens, including Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 5), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 5), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 5) and Proteus mirabilis (n = 5) were also determined. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were identified for all strains by broth microdilution, and MBECs were determined at 24, 72, and 168 hr using the Calgary biofilm method. The 24 hr MBECs of OBFX, TMS and ACV for the E. coli strains were significantly higher than the MICs (P < 0.05), and the 72 and 168 hr MBECs were significantly lower than those at 24 hr (P < 0.05). In addition, the 24 hr OBFX MBECs for the four other uropathogens were significantly higher than the corresponding MICs (P < 0.05). The 72 and/or 168 hr OBFX MBECs for S. pseudintermedius, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis were significantly lower than the 24 hr concentrations (P < 0.05), whereas for P. aeruginosa, no significant difference was found between any of the MBECs (P > 0.05). These data indicate that the administration period and uropathogenic bacterial species are important factors affecting the efficacy of OBFX treatment of biofilm-related UTIs in dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28042660/