Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How vets diagnose pancreatitis in dogs and cats
By Xenoulis, P G·Published in The Journal of small animal practice·2015·Clinic of Medicine·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats.
Plain-English summary
A dog or cat showing signs of vomiting, abdominal pain, or lethargy may have pancreatitis, a common condition affecting the pancreas. Diagnosing pancreatitis can be tricky since symptoms can vary widely and are often non-specific. Veterinarians typically perform blood tests, including checking for pancreatic lipase levels, which is the most reliable test for diagnosing this condition. Imaging tests like ultrasounds can also help confirm the diagnosis. With the right combination of tests and careful evaluation, veterinarians can accurately diagnose pancreatitis and recommend appropriate treatment, which may include dietary changes and medications.
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Abstract
Pancreatitis is the most common disorder of the exocrine pancreas in both dogs and cats. Ante-mortem diagnosis of canine and feline pancreatitis can be challenging. The clinical picture of dogs and cats with pancreatitis varies greatly (from very mild to severe or even fatal) and is characterised by non-specific findings. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile and urinalysis should always be performed in dogs and cats suspected of having pancreatitis, although findings are not-specific for pancreatitis. Serum amylase and lipase activities and trypsin-like immunoreactivity (TLI) concentrations have no or only limited clinical value for the diagnosis of pancreatitis in either dogs or cats. Conversely, serum pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) concentration is currently considered to be the clinicopathological test of choice for the diagnosis of canine and feline pancreatitis. Abdominal radiography is a useful diagnostic tool for the exclusion of other diseases that may cause similar clinical signs to those of pancreatitis. Abdominal ultrasonography can be very useful for the diagnosis of pancreatitis, but this depends largely on the clinician's experience. Histopathological examination of the pancreas is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of pancreatitis, but it is not without limitations. In clinical practice, a combination of careful evaluation of the animal's history, serum PLI concentration and abdominal ultrasonography, together with pancreatic cytology or histopathology when indicated or possible, is considered to be the most practical and reliable means for an accurate diagnosis or exclusion of pancreatitis compared with other diagnostic modalities.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25586803/