Economic analysis of using exclusion netting for spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) management in organic blueberry production systems.

Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Spotted-wing drosophila (SWD) (Drosophila suzukii) is a devastating invasive species that affects soft and stone fruit crops. The SWD poses significant challenges to high-value fruit industries, especially organic production. Organic growers primarily rely on frequent applications of organic pesticides, but these are expensive, have limited residual activity, and require rotation with less effective alternatives to manage resistance. Exclusion netting has emerged as a promising alternative for organic growers. This study assesses the economic performance of exclusion netting compared to organic insecticide applications for managing SWD on New York blueberry farms.<h4>Results</h4>In the baseline scenario, organic blueberry growers could increase their income by $1856 per acre and achieve a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 1.115 by using exclusion netting in netting trellis structures instead of organic insecticides. This indicates that for every dollar invested in netting, growers gain $1.115 in return, making it a marginally profitable option. Both strategies generate positive profits from year 1, but netting surpasses insecticides in cumulative cash flow by year 3. Sensitivity analyses, considering different marketing channels and blueberry prices, show that BCR remains above 1 in all scenarios, with the highest BCR achieved when selling through indirect markets at $12.12 per kilogram.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our results offer critical insights into SWD management for organic growers who face production challenges due to limited pesticide options and resistance risks. These findings provide clear information on the economic viability of using exclusion netting in organic blueberry production. Consistent with previous research, the costs of insecticide applications can outweigh the benefits under low pest pressure. Despite concerns over high initial investments, exclusion netting proves to be a cost-effective and profit-maximizing alternative, generating positive profits as early as year 1. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.