Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How fentanyl and heart rate treatment affect anesthesia in dogs
By Machado, Marcela L et al.·Published in Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia·2022·Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Effect of fentanyl, with or without treatment of bradycardia, on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane and cardiovascular function in dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of six 13-month-old male Beagle dogs were studied to see how the pain medication fentanyl affected their anesthesia and heart function. The researchers found that fentanyl significantly lowered the amount of isoflurane (an anesthetic) needed for surgery and also impacted heart rate and blood pressure. When bradycardia (slow heart rate) caused by fentanyl was treated, the dogs showed better heart function without needing more anesthetic. This means that managing the side effects of fentanyl can help keep dogs stable during surgery.
People also search for: dog anesthesia fentanyl effects · Beagle heart rate during surgery · isoflurane dosage for dogs
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of fentanyl on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MAC) and cardiovascular variables in dogs, and how the treatment of bradycardia affects them. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized crossover-controlled trial. ANIMALS: A total of six male Beagle dogs weighing 9.9 ± 0.7 kg (mean ± standard deviation) and aged 13 months. METHODS: To each dog, two treatments were assigned on different days: fentanyl (FENTA) or fentanyl plus glycopyrrolate (FENTA) to maintain heart rate (HR) between 100 and 132 beats minute. Determinations of MACwere performed with 10 plasma fentanyl target concentrations ([Fenta](0, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 ng mL) for FENTA and 5 [Fenta](0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 ng mL)) for FENTA. During each MACdetermination, cardiovascular variables [mean arterial pressure (MAP), HR and cardiac index (CI)] were measured, and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) calculated. Pharmacodynamic models were used to describe the plasma fentanyl concentration [Fenta]-response relationship for the effect on MACand cardiovascular variables. A mixed-model analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's or Tukey's test, and the Bonferroni adjustment were used for comparisons within and between each treatment, respectively. Significance was set as p < 0.05. RESULTS: Fentanyl decreased MACby a maximum of 84%. The [Fenta] producing 50% decrease in MAC, HR and CI were 2.64, 3.65 and 4.30 ng mL(typical values of population model), respectively. The prevention of fentanyl-mediated bradycardia caused no significant effect on MAC, but increased HR, MAP and CI, and decreased SVRI when compared with isoflurane alone. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Fentanyl caused a plasma concentration-dependent decrease in MAC, HR and CI and an increase in SVRI. Cardiovascular improvements associated with fentanyl in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs only occurred when the fentanyl-mediated bradycardia was prevented.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34654643/