Effects of Sling Exercise Training on Walking Ability and Balance Function in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of sling exercise training (SET) on walking ability, balance function, and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with stroke. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang) from inception to January 2025. A total of 23 studies involving 922 participants were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. The analysis revealed substantial improvements in balance function, as measured by the Berg balance scale. Lower limb motor function assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment showed notable enhancement. Balance ability measured by the Fugl-Meyer balance scale indicated significant progress, whereas walking ability assessed by the Holden functional walking rating showed marked improvement. However, improvements in ADL and 6-min walk test performance did not reach statistical significance. SET demonstrates substantial beneficial effects on balance function, lower limb motor function, and walking ability in patients with stroke. However, its impact on ADL and walking endurance requires further investigation.