Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Effectiveness of hookworm treatments for drug-resistant Ancylostoma
By Jimenez Castro, Pablo D et al.Ā·Published in International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistanceĀ·2020Ā·Department of Infectious Diseases, United StatesĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Efficacy evaluation of anthelmintic products against an infection with the canine hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) isolate Worthy 4.1F3P in dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs infected with a resistant type of hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) were treated with different medications to see which worked best. The common treatments pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, and milbemycin oxime showed very low effectiveness, with only about 23% to 26% of the worms being eliminated. However, a combination treatment of emodepside and praziquantel was highly effective, getting rid of nearly all the worms. This suggests that if your dog has a hookworm infection that isn't responding to standard treatments, a vet may consider this more effective option.
People also search for: dog hookworm treatment Ā· resistant hookworm in dogs Ā· emodepside praziquantel for dogs
Abstract
Ancylostoma caninum is the most prevalent intestinal nematode of dogs, and has a zoonotic potential. Multiple-drug resistance (MDR) has been confirmed in a number of A. caninum isolates, including isolate Worthy 4.1F3P, against all anthelmintic drug classes approved for hookworm treatment in dogs in the United States (US). The cyclooctadepsipeptide emodepside is not registered to use in dogs in the US, but in a number of other countries/regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of emodepside + praziquantel, as well as three commercial products that are commonly used in the US for treatment of hookworms, against a suspected (subsequently confirmed) MDR A. caninum isolate Worthy 4.1F3P. 40 dogs infected on study day (SD) 0 with 300 third-stage larvae, were randomly allocated to one of five treatment groups with eight dogs each: pyrantel pamoate (Nemex®-2), fenbendazole (Panacur® C), milbemycin oxime (Interceptor®), emodepside + praziquantel tablets and non-treated control. Fecal egg counts (FEC) were performed on SDs 19, 20, 22, 27, 31 and 34. All treatments were administered as per label requirements on SD 24 to dogs in Groups 1 through 4. Two additional treatments were administered on SDs 25 and 26 to dogs in Group 2 as per label requirements. Dogs were necropsied on SD 34 and the digestive tract was removed/processed for worm recovery and enumeration. The geometric mean (GM) worm counts for the control group was 97.4, and for the pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole, milbemycin oxime, and emodepside + praziquantel groups were 74.8, 72.0, 88.9, and 0.4, respectively. These yielded efficacies of 23.2%, 26.1%, and 8.8%, and 99.6%, respectively. These data support previous findings of the MDR status of Worthy 4.1F3P as treatments with pyrantel pamoate, fenbendazole and milbemycin oxime lacked efficacy. In sharp contrast, Worthy 4.1F3P was highly susceptible to treatment with emodepside + praziquantel.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32403053/