Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Embolic pneumonia caused by new bacteria in cats
By Bolt, Christopher R et al.·Published in Veterinary pathology·2024·University of Minnesota·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Embolic necrosuppurative pneumonia in domestic cats induced by a novelspecies.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
Three cats, aged between 2 and 11 years, were brought to the veterinary clinic after experiencing severe breathing problems, which ultimately led to their euthanasia or death. X-rays showed multiple nodules in their lungs, and postmortem examinations revealed that a significant portion of their lung tissue was affected by these nodules. The cause was identified as a new type of bacteria that led to a serious lung infection known as embolic pneumonia. This condition can look similar to cancer on X-rays, so it's important for vets to consider it when diagnosing lung issues in cats.
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Abstract
Three cats, aged 2 to 11 years, presented to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory over a 3-year period following euthanasia or death due to respiratory distress. Thoracic radiographs revealed nodular, soft tissue opacities throughout the lung fields in all cases. On postmortem examination, approximately 60% to 80% of the lung parenchyma were expanded by multifocal to coalescing, well-demarcated, beige, semi-firm nodules. Histologically, large numbers of neutrophils, fewer macrophages, fibrin, and cellular and karyorrhectic debris effaced the pulmonary parenchyma. The inflammatory foci contained aggregates of gram-negative cocci.Sanger sequencing and whole-genome sequencing identified the bacteria isolated from the lung of all cats under aerobic conditions as a novelspp. Based on whole-genome sequence analysis, all 3 sequences shared 92.71% and 92.67% average nucleotide identity with closely relatedNZ LR134440T andGCA 002108605T, respectively. The in silico DNA-DNA hybridization identity compared to our isolates was 46.6% and 33.8% withand21643, respectively. All 3 sequences have less than 95% average nucleotide identity and less than 70% DNA-DNA hybridization identity, suggesting that the 3 isolates are a novel species of the genus. Infection withspp. induces an embolic pneumonia in cats that radiographically and pathologically resembles a metastatic neoplastic process and should be considered among the etiologic differential diagnoses in cases of infectious pulmonary disease with a disseminated, nodular lung pattern.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38440886/