Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Urinary tract infections and crystals in tom-cats in Egypt
By Ahmed E. Mahmoud et al.·Published in Open Veterinary Journal·2022·Internal Medicine Division, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt, LY·View original on DOAJ →
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Original publication title: Epidemiological investigations on microbial infection and crystals causing feline lower urinary tract disease in tom-cats of Ismailia, Egypt
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of 120 male cats with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) showed symptoms like blood in the urine, painful urination, and frequent urination. The study found that common causes included urinary crystals and infections, particularly from bacteria like E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Many of these bacteria were resistant to common antibiotics, making treatment challenging. The findings suggest that older cats are more likely to develop FLUTD due to these infections and crystals. It's important for cat owners to consult their veterinarian if they notice these symptoms in their pets.
People also search for: cat blood in urine · painful urination in male cats · FLUTD treatment for cats · cat urinary crystals · antibiotic resistance in cats
Abstract
Background: Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a common disorder associated with dysfunction of the urinary bladder or urethra in tom-cats. Aim: A prospective study was carried out on the point prevalence (PP) and odds ratio (OR) of the FLUTD in Shirazi and Baladi tom-cats at Ismailia governorate– Egypt, record the prominent clinical manifestation, as well identify the antibiogram, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance genes of the causative micro-organisms. Methods: A total number of 420 tom-cats admitted to the veterinary clinics of Ismailia during the period June 2020 to May 2021 were examined for FLUTD. A total of 1260 urine samples were collected and analyzed. Results: Haematuria, dysuria, and pollakiuria were the most evident signs recorded in a total of 120 tom-cats diagnosed with FLUTD. The diagnosed cases of FLUTD were associated with causes like crystals (35.83%), pyogenic micro-organisms (19.16%), and mixed cases (45.00%). Prevalence reveals highly significant (p < 0.01) increases in the cases caused by Escherichia coli, E. coli mixed cases, and calcium oxalate at > 4-y; Staphylococcus aureus at ≤ 2; amorphous urate and phosphate at 2: 4 and > 4-y Shirazi and ≤ 2-y Baladi; triple-phosphate at ≤ 2-y Shirazi and > 4-y Baladi; and Staph aureus mixed cases at ≤ 2-y. The odd ratio of FLUTD reveals higher odds of associations with E. coli, E. coli mixed cases, Staph aureus, amorphous urate, and triple-phosphate, as well as lower odds with Staph aureus, calcium oxalate, amorphous phosphate, and Staph aureus mixed cases. Isolated E. coli reveal higher resistance to amoxicillin (83.4%), ceftriaxone (83.4%), ceftazidime (75.0%), and cefoxitin (50.0%), and Staph aureus to oxacillin (100%), cefoxitin (100%), amoxicillin (85.8%), ceftazidime (76.2%), and cefoxitin (50.0%). Staph aureus detected virulence genes were mecA, coa, spa, and tetK, and E. coli were fimH, iss, iutA, papC, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and tetA. About 100% of E. coli and 76.1% of Staph aureus isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Conclusion: FLUTD in tom-cats is associated with higher odds in E. coli, E. coli mixed cases, and triple-phosphate at older ages (>4-y) with high antimicrobial resistance in the microbial isolates contributing to the disease.
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Search related cases →Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i2.18