Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Testing blood markers pANCA and ASCA in dogs with inflammatory bowel
By Allenspach, Karin et al.·Published in American journal of veterinary research·2004·Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Evaluation of assays for perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies and antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was tested for specific antibodies to help diagnose their condition. Out of 39 dogs with IBD, about half tested positive for one type of antibody (pANCAs), and a little less than half tested positive for another type (ASCAs). These tests showed high accuracy in distinguishing IBD from other types of diarrhea in dogs. The findings suggest that these antibody tests can be useful tools for veterinarians in diagnosing IBD and assessing intestinal inflammation in dogs.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of immunofluorescence asssays for perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCAs) and antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCAs) in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and assess the clinical value of these serologic markers of the disease. ANIMALS: 39 dogs with IBD, 18 dogs with acute diarrhea, 19 dogs with chronic non-IBD-associated diarrhea, 26 healthy dogs of various breeds and age, and 22 healthy young working dogs. PROCEDURE: Sera obtained from the dogs in each group were added to canine granulocyte- and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-mounted slides for detection of pANCAs and ASCAs via immunofluorescence techniques. Sensitivity and specificity (with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were calculated for the group of dogs with IBD versus each of the 2 groups of healthy dogs, the group of dogs with acute diarrhea, and the group of dogs with chronic non-IBD-associated diarrhea. RESULTS: Among the 39 dogs with IBD, 20 yielded positive results via the pANCA assay (sensitivity, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.35 to 0.67]) and 17 yielded positive results via the ASCA assay (sensitivity, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.22 to 0.69]). The specificity of the pANCA assay in the 4 groups of non-IBD-affected dogs ranged from 0.83 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.96) to 0.95 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Immunofluorescence assays for pANCA and ASCA appear to be useful for the detection of IBD in dogs. The pANCA immunofluorescence assay had high specificity for canine IBD, and pANCAs appear to be accurate markers of intestinal inflammation.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15478778/